A Self Reflection Paper Analysis Social Work Essay

A Self Reflection Paper Analysis Social Work Essay Critically comment upon experiences in terms of my own counselling experience and experience working within the organisation. My practicum was undertaken at Lifeline Community Care Queensland, Fraser District in telephone counsellor role. To be eligible for a placement within the telephone counselling area, a Lifeline Telephone Counselling training course must first be completed. I was fortunate that I had completed the training a little over two years ago. Not only did I have the basic training, but I was also a current volunteer in other roles within the telephone counselling area. I benefited from being familiar with the organisation, the relevant policies and procedures, and a number of staff members. I did not have to go through new person difficulties. I believe I have a good working relationship with my supervisors. New learning activities included undertaking computer supervision, sit-in supervision and support, and providing administrative support. Continuous reading, self a ssessment and reflection, along with the keeping of journal notes proved invaluable to my learning and skills development. Discuss in light of relevant theoretical concepts and research Without it being stated Lifeline telephone counselling uses a client directed outcome informed approach (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). In training we are educated in the principles of the callers story and of the need to explore with the caller their options, past coping and/or solutions to address their issue. The telephone counselling training details the Carl Rogers concept of unconditional positive regard (Lifeline Training Manual, 2009), without which it may be impossible to build the rapport needed to establish a counselling relationship. There is no measure of the service provided or feedback requested from callers to the 13 11 14 crisis line service. The Outcome Rating Scale and Session Rating Scale (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004) are perhaps not entirely suitable for this purpose, but might be adapted in order to provide a feedback mechanism. Some callers leave you with very clear indication of how they believe the call went and what was achieved. However in other cases I am left wondering about client satisfaction. As the service is a crisis line, there is no opportunity to follow through with a client. Scott Miller (1997), in his audio CD, Working with mandated clients, identifies three types of clients: the Customer, 15% of clients, the Browser, 65% of clients and the Visitor, 20% of clients. In telephone counselling terms I relate the customer callers to those who are in the preparation stage of change and ring to gain clarity, for support and/or someone to listen and guide them in their planned action. The browser callers can describe the problem in detail, but appear to be stuck, this category would include the yes, but callers. The last group, the visitor caller, does not identify as having any problem themselves, everyone has a problem with them. Some of the callers I have spoken to, for example, some callers with mental illness concerns, perpetrators of domestic violence, and callers who report their drug and alcohol issues, I would place in this group. Reflect on own experience and learning in light of research and theory. As the role of telephone counselling was known to me, I was in a position to begin extra reading from the commencement of the practicum placement. I chose material that I thought would provide relevant information to the provision of the 13 11 14 crisis telephone service and to improve my general knowledge. My supervisor suggested that as many as 85% of callers had a mental illness, not that all callers with an identified mental illness disclosed that as their reason for calling. In light of this high number I began my reading list with The everything health guide to adult bipolar disorder (Bloch, 2006); and A family intervention guide to mental illness (Morey Muser, 2007). These two books coupled with the Clinicians Thesaurus (Zuckerman, 2005) provided valuable information which helped to guide my questions to callers, in order to better understand their issues and expectations of their call. Callers at risk of suicide require a very high level of attention, these calls are stressful and can be challenging. My initial training in dealing with suicide was comprehensive. I later completed the Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (LivingWorks, 2004). Ongoing reading into the issues of suicide, loss and grief have improved my knowledge and in turn helped me to gain a greater understanding of the pain and suffering experienced by the person at risk and their families. The need for empathic listening is clearly outlined in McKissock McKissock (1995) Coping with Grief and Appleby (1992) Surviving the Pain after Suicide, both are small easy to read, and relevant books. Reflect/examine journal entries as a whole. Go back over your supervision journal noting the main themes and patterns of thought as well and incidents and insights. Reference material, for example, Becoming a Helper (Corey Corey, 2009) and the Clinicians Thesaurus (Zuckerman, 2005) outline informed consent, detailing what a client may expect regarding confidentiality, of their rights within the counselling relationship and the decision making process. Clients are also informed of the limitations of confidentially. This is not the case in telephone counselling, where confidentially is implied. In cases where police or medical interventions are required, this can present an ethical and/or moral dilemma. If the caller has disclosed such issues that it goes against the morals of the telephone counsellor, the supervisor on call, and/or society, would it be better not to report the suicide in progress? In telephone counselling there is no opportunity to pick your calls, you cannot be a specialist in any one area. It is necessary to have the skills to work with callers on a wide range of issues. The concept of unconditional positive regard is question ed when I am faced with a caller who is drunk, abusive or is clearly sex caller (a caller who discloses unwanted explicit detail). In some cases there is a clear breach of client confidentiality, such as the case when the telephone counsellor on shift, promised the caller that she would not contact the police (journal entry 17 October 2010), even after his disclosed that he had already taken a higher than recommended dose of medication and had a history of mental illness. After contacting Poisons Information it was clear that the callers life was at risk and intervention was required. Perhaps this could be viewed as the telephone counsellor, not calling the Police, but as the action of contracting the police was undertaken by another. The clients confidentiality was technically breached several times, in the TC providing me with details, in my providing the Police with the callers information and in consultation with the supervisor. Two books which have proved very valuable as resources are the Clinicians thesaurus (Zuckerman, 2005) as quick reference including treatment for specific disorders and concerns and a Listing of common psychiatric and psychoactive drugs. The other reference is People in Crisis (Hoskinson, 2000), which has proven to be extremely helpful. I use the book to ground me, when I am seeking reassurance that I am on track, when I am faced with a challenging issue or when I am exposed to issues where I am little or no experience. Analyse your experiences and record any modifications of your views. Overall I enjoyed the roles and activities undertaken in the practicum with Lifeline and I believe that the experience was a very valuable learning experience. Additional reading undertaken improved my general knowledge of many of the issues raised by callers. Although, only one counselling approach is used in telephone counselling, strengths based approach, this is similar to the solution focused approach that I believe will become my favoured counselling approach. This belief is based on my limited experience to date and on the feedback from callers when they find their own solutions. It is gratifying to hear the light bulb moment when callers realise what they have or can achieve. Ongoing training and development, such as at the Wide Bay Womens Centre, which provides DVD viewing and networking opportunities, the Lifeline In Service Training and the GOSS nights are relevant and beneficial, as they present information that is generally immediately applicable in my role as a telephone counsellor. The Huntingtons Disease National Conference in September highlighted the art of listening. Of the problems associated with not listening with full attention, jumping ahead and interrupting the speaker and of the importance of asking the right questions and of avoiding complex questions. The National Lifeline National Conference in November provided a greater insight into suicide prevention strategies. It was inspiring to hear from some great speakers such as Professor Brian Mishara, who spoke about suicide prevention and help lines. The Lifeline Suicide Prevention Strategy was launched and a copy of the new booklet was supplied. The motivational speaker, Maggie Mackellar , the author of When it rains, spoke about her experiences. I was very fortunate to have the opportunity to speak privately with her and to purchase a signed copy of her book. Review your experiences in light of any relevant research and theory that relates to the themes you have observed and highlight the implications and learning for your personal development. In a client directed, outcome informed approach to counselling there is a focuses on the relationship with the client and the clients additional therapeutic factors (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). Corey Corey (2009) suggest that when we engage with a client we are not consciously thinking about what theory we are using. Rather we adjust to fit the client taking into account their willingness to engage and the trust we establish together. In telephone counselling this is referred to as building rapport and exploring caller options (Lifeline Training Manual, 2009), the telephone counsellor works with the client to understand the problem from the clients point of view, and to explore with the client what they wish to achieve and to discuss the ways they can achieve their goal. Boylan Scott (2009) describe brief therapies a descriptive summary which could also be applied to define the functions of telephone counselling provided by the 13 11 14, Lifeline Crisis Line. The service provides short term, crisis support. There is not follow up contact or counselling and no client measurable feedback. Essay should demonstrate learning that is based on both experience and theory/research. In this placement with Lifeline, telephone counselling, I was able to tie together past life and work experiences, Lifeline training, academic study and general reading. In a crisis line telephone counselling service, you never know what the next call will bring, however the extra reading has provided a greater knowledge and understanding of the some topics, but it is only is in the practice of asking of better questions of the caller that any real benefit is gained. In applying a client directed outcome informed approach (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004), the caller is recognised as the expert on their problem. A relationship (rapport) with the caller cannot be established without first listening and seeking to understand the callers issues from perspective, while valuing and respecting their position. Change is driven by the caller and it is important that their ideas about options, management and change are explored. The need for empathy and caring and the ability to reduce the callers stress while providing an opportunity the caller to speak openly regarding their problems is paramount. I have long been aware of the need of self reflection and self care, the importance of which has been reinforced during this placement, along with the essential requirement to keep reading, questioning and learning. I was very fortunate in having good support from my supervisors, I was able to debrief, question and discuss any topic or issue as it arose. My conclusion at the competition of CDS3000 practicum is that I remain a work in progress. I believe that I am a competent telephone counsellor, but I wonder if this will translate to face-to-face counselling.

Fourier Series :: physics fourier

Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (March 21, 1768 - May 16, 1830) was a French mathematician and physicist who is best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series. He was born at Auxerre in the Yonne dà ©partement of France, the son of a tailor, and was educated by the Benedictines. The commissions in the scientific corps of the army were reserved for those of good birth, and being thus ineligible he accepted a military lectureship on mathematics. He took a prominent part in his own district in promoting the revolution, and was rewarded by an appointment in 1795 in the Normal school, and subsequently by a chair in the Polytechnic school. Fourier went with Napoleon on his Eastern expedition in 1798, and was made governor of Lower Egypt. Cut off from France by the English fleet, he organized the workshops on which the French army had to rely for their munitions of war. He also contributed several mathematical papers to the Egyptian Institute which Napoleon founded at Cairo, with a view of weakening English influence in the East. After the British victories and the capitulation of the French under General Menou in 1801, Fourier returned to France, and was made prefect of Isà ¨re, and it was while there that he made his experiments on the propagation of heat. He moved to Paris in 1816. In 1822 he published his Thà ©orie analytique de la chaleur, in which he bases his reasoning on Newton's law of cooling, namely, that the flow of heat between two adjacent molecules is proportional to the extremely small difference of their temperatures. In this work he claims that any functions of a variable, whether continuou s or discontinuous, can be expanded in a series of sines of multiples of the variable - this result isn't correct at all. But the fact that some discontinuous functions are the sum of infinite series was a breakthrough. The question of determine when a function is the sum of its Fourier series has been fundamental for centuries. Lagrange had given particular cases of this (false) theorem, and had implied that the method was general, but he had not pursued the subject. Dirichlet was the first to give a satisfactory demonstration of it, with some restrictive conditions.

How Does Australias Landscape Depicted in Poetry Essay

Australia is a land of great contrast and diversity, its physical landscape is one of many of its great features, and its diversity is very broad. The poem My Country by Dorothea Mackellar greatly relates to the beauty and size of the Australian landscape. The poems Alcohol by Peter Goldsworthy and Metho-Drinker by Judith Wright relate to the Australia’s attitudes towards the misuse of drugs and alcohol in modern Australian society. These issues are also shown a lot in the movie ‘Beneath Clouds’, directed by Ivan Sen. The poem ‘My country’ describes Australia’s landscape with great extent and shows the author loves for this land using many examples. In this poem the author tries to bring Australia to its simplest form, the use of poetic techniques such as metaphors and similes, or the use of personification. ‘I love her jewel sea’, this metaphor gives the effect of preciousness and shows how special Australia really is to her (Dorothea Mackellar). Another example is the quote ‘the pityless blue sky’, which is personification and gives the blue sky an attitude towards the land beneath them, and of cause it’s referring to Australia’s drought. The land of the rainbow gold†, the author is describing her view of Australia, her love for the country. Another example of how ‘My Country’ depicts the Australian landscape is using alliteration, ‘for flood and fire and famine’, these are all common natural disasters, showing the complexity of the country, the good and bad side. â€Å"All you who have not loved her, you will not understand†, this quote is the author saying that no one will understand her love for the country. Alcohol is a poem that is about the problem of alcohol in society, it is written in a first person form and shows the thoughts of a youth boy using alcohol. The poem is appeals on an emotional level, as it describes the joy of alcohol for teenagers. The quote â€Å"Surf’s up, I said at school. My drinking friends came round†. This quote from the poem really shows the boy’s initial attitude towards alcohol, he is looking back and reflecting his times as a teenage boy. This quote relates to Australia’s diversity as underage drinking is a known problem in today’s society. â€Å"Why such simple stuff work magic in the mind†, this quote gives a good idea of the teenage boy’s perspective of alcohol at the time, he also refers to it as â€Å"a rain hat fell from heaven†, and also â€Å"proof of god†, these references show his love and reliance on alcohol. The poem relates to Australian society very greatly, it shows the perspective of many teenagers in modern society, also it shows how innocent alcohol can look, but still carry the long term effects if abused. Metho Drinker is a poe m about a man that is hopeless and near death due to the misuse of alcohol and methylated spirits. Methylated spirits are often a used drug in Australian society today. Unfortunately 73% of users are aboriginal, and 60% of that are in outback Australia. It is a big problem in today’s society. â€Å"Under the death of winters leaves†, this quote is the first line in the poem, it initially creates miserable visual imagery and sets a sad mood. â€Å"O take from me the weight and waterfall ceaseless time that batters down my weakness; the knives of light†. This quote is describing the man’s view on his life, ‘O take from me the weight’, he is saying take me from this life of hopelessness. He describes the daytime as ‘the knives of light’, he is saying this because the light shows who he has really become. His white and burning girl, his woman of fire, creeps to his heart and sets a candle there†. The quote is referring to methylated spirits being his ‘woman of fire’, a woman generally being a man’s wife and most important thing to them. Also the author uses personification by referring to the ‘metho’ as ‘his white and burning girl’. â€Å"To melt away the flesh that hides from bone, to eat the nerve that tethers him in time†. Now the author is creating a gruesome atmosphere using visual imagery, it is describing the effects of the ‘metho’ on the homeless man. It was for death he took her; death is but this; and yet he is uneasy under her kiss and winces from that acid of her desire†. This quote is the final three lines of the poem, it is describing the man’s attitude towards his problems, and he drank the ‘metho’ in order to take his own life. This poem relates to Australia quite a lot, it shows the perspective of drug addicts, homeless people and alcoholics. There are a lot of problems in Australia regarding unemployment and housing, this creates a very unstable lifestyle for a lot of Australians causing them to lose their homes, family and friends. The movie ‘Beneath Clouds’, directed by Ivan Sen is about two young aboriginal teenagers searching for a better life. Lena, a light-skinned daughter of an Aboriginal mother and Irish father and Vaughn, an aboriginal boy in minimum security prison in North West NSW. Striking events throw them together on a journey with no money and no transport. To Lena, Vaughn represents the life she is running away from. To Vaughn, Lena represents the society that has rejected him. And for a short amount of time they experience happiness together. The movie is set in the outback of New South Wales, showing a very broad landscape background for 70 percent of the movie. It is set like this to show the ‘emptiness’ of the town, and to show how far away general society is. Lena is running away from her family because of the implications that alcohol had on her family. Before she run’s away she looks at a photo of how her family used to be, but previously see the mother drinking and abusing her, and the son getting taken away by the police. Alcohol were being drank by both the mother and father, with empty beer bottles over the house, this showing the abuse of alcohol in that household. Vaughn is a 19 year old aboriginal boy who escapes jail and somehow ends up running away with Lena. During the journey we see a lot of racism, shown evident in three scenes. The woman driving on the road, about to pick Lena up, then see’s Vaughn and drives straight off, the policemen’s attitude towards the aboriginal man’s car and also when Vaughn walks in to the bar, the men’s suddenly find Vaughn suspicious as soon as they see him. This racism is a pure example of Australia and its different perspectives. Australia is a place of6 great diversity and contrast, the poems Alcohol by Peter Goldsworthy, Metho Drinker by Judith Wright and My Country by Dorothea Mackellar prove this in many ways. They show the great beauty of Australia’s landscape, and explore the different problems of Australian society misusing drugs and alcohol. This is also shown in the movie ‘Beneath Clouds’, directed by Ivan Sen.

Holden Caulfield and the Pressures of Society The...

Confucius, a Chinese philosopher, once stated, â€Å"You cannot open a book without learning something.† Throughout time, books, molded by their authors, have been the key source of knowledge. Regardless of the subject, most works of literature often have a message or theme for the reader. Not only do authors use themes, but also well developed characters to bring a novel to life. In the bildungsroman, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, characterization is often found, especially regarding the protagonist, Holden Caulfield. Salinger also includes many themes in his novel relating to growing up in a corrupt society. Hence, this paper will compare, contrast, and evaluate literary criticisms regarding the themes and characterization†¦show more content†¦In conclusion, these critics agree that Holden is a kind and considerate character. This novel supports the beliefs of Reiff, Bloom, and Pinsker that Holden Caulfield, although it may not seem, is overall a go od person. Throughout this novel, the reader indirectly discovers more about Holden. Between his vague thoughts and discussions with other characters, it becomes apparent who Holden truly is. For example, on the train to New York, Holden has an encounter with the mother of Ernest Morrow, a student from Holden’s school, Pencey Prep. Mrs. Morrow praises her son and calls him sensitive while Holden thinks that, â€Å"Morrow was about as sensitive as a goddam toilet seat† (Salinger 55). Although Holden disagrees, he exaggerates and tells Mrs. Morrow how great her son is. Holden tries to make Mrs. Morrow delighted and proud by speaking highly of her son, although it may not be true. He can not bring himself to tell her the truth and shatter her perception of her son. The reason behind these lies is to keep Mrs. Morrow from becoming hurt or disappointed, supporting Pinsker’s belief. Even with a stranger that Holden barely knew, he is attentive and does anythi ng to keep he or she happy. 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